All entries on this entire row are Equivalent Exposures. Or f/22 at 1/60 (much depth of field, but bad for motion). For example one exposure combination for this EV 15 is f/4 at 1/2000 second (freezes motion). Shown here is an example row from the EV Chart showing sample values chosen to be a normal bright direct sunlight level (called EV 15). If we consciously think about what we’re doing when we actually LOOK at the scene, our brain likely “just knows” immediately what it needs. It means choosing the best available exposure combination for the scene situation. Exposure does NOT mean just exposure (not too dark, not too bright). The big advantage of using our human brain is that it can immediately recognize the subject and the situation, and can choose the best choice for this particular picture (and automation cannot). It’s fun getting it right, and becomes our automatic procedure, and is the basics for every picture we take.Ĭhoosing WHAT to point the camera at is a different discussion, but a photo scene allows a wide choice of possible Equivalent Exposure combinations, all “correct” with regard to exposure (even our cell phone must select one). There are many creative choices possible in photography, which does require an adjustable camera, and a little thought about we’re doing, but it’s easy, and is the first thing photographers learn. Except automation has no brain, and needs human help to recognize the situation to choose better choices for the specific scene. Automation is very handy, since we don't have to know anything or to think about it (and we likely won’t even know what the settings used were), but that only result is whatever the automation does. Situations vary, and need different techniques. Exposure is all about using the settings to get the best picture, like by freezing the subject motion or by stopping down aperture to increase the depth of field. “Exposure” is NOT just about how dark or light the picture is. Some basic lens properties are below that.īut first, learning exposure is the beginning skill you need to acquire about photography, and if you don't understand about choosing camera settings yet, you’ll surely want to look into it. The actual Numbers part starts just below. There is of course much more to photography, and understanding the “What, Where, When, and Why” about using these settings is necessary to ever get out of Auto mode (to have any control of your pictures). Everything else in the middle is really up to the artistic nature of the photographer.This article is about "Understanding the camera Numbers". One thing that the photographer need to be aware of is that at higher f-stops, there tends to be some distortion at the edge of the picture and less light entering the camera. This will give you the depth of field required to have both the diver and the reef in focus. On the other hand, imagine taking a landscape shot of a beautiful reef with a diver in the distance – then you would want to use a high f-stop (6.3-8 or more). The end result of this is to produce a very sharp image of the subject (the nudibranch) or even part of the subject (the “head”), whilst the background of the sponge, which is a uniform colour, would be much softer and blurry. For this composition, you would want to use a very low f-stop (2-3.2). Imagine taking a picture of a colourful nudibranch on a red sponge. The key to understanding f-stops all the details about it is to discuss how it affects composition. Zoom lenses have a variable focal length these type of lenses are most often found in compact cameras. A prime lens has a fixed focal length and is generally used for quite specific shots. The focal length can either be fixed or variable depending on the type of lens. This is the distance between the sensor or film and the point in the lens at which the light rays entering the camera converge and crossover. Focal lengthĬamera lenses have a focal length. One of the first things you will hear photographers discuss is their f-stop settings, how they influence certain pictures they take, and what is their favourite – so what on earth is a f-stop? Well before we can delve in and explore f-stops, there are a couple of other terms that need to be understood, namely the focal length and aperture size. So the first thing we are going to look at are f-stops, what they are and how they affect the pictures you want to take. Often, the missing component is not just what the settings do – but how they affect the pictures that you want to take. For the uninitiated, researching underwater photography can get very confusing and sometimes, you feel you need a degree in advanced mathematics to understand what’s going on. So you have bought a new underwater camera and started reading the manual – and now things have gone bad.
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